Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) remains an ongoing threat to both commercial and backyard poultry operations in Maryland and nationwide. Since January 2025, multiple commercial broiler flocks on the Delmarva Peninsula have tested positive for H5 avian influenza, with the most recent Maryland detection occurring in December 2025. The virus also continues to be detected in migrating wild birds, including snow geese and black vultures, underscoring the persistent risk of transmission to domestic poultry.

As of Jan. 8, 2026, HPAI has been confirmed in more than 2,000 flocks across all 50 states, affecting both commercial operations and backyard flocks. In response, the Maryland Department of Agriculture strongly recommends that all poultry producers move birds indoors and maintain confinement until the risk associated with outdoor access can be reassessed. Producers observing black vultures or wild waterfowl near their flocks should take immediate precautions and keep birds indoors.

All poultry producers are urged to maintain strict biosecurity practices, closely monitor flock health, and promptly report any unexplained illness or mortality to the Maryland Department of Agriculture at 410-841-5810, available 24/7. Sightings of sick or dead wild birds should be reported to the Maryland Department of Natural Resources or USDA Wildlife Services.

Visit the Maryland Department of Agriculture's webpage, High Path Avian Influenza: What You Need to Know for the latest updates and resources. Additional guidance and prevention tips are available on the University of Maryland Extension’s HPAI resource page.